, , ., (). (), .
, . . () , .
, ( ) . .
- . ( 32 , , 16 , ). , , 00001010 +(23+2l)= + l0, 10001100 (23 + 22) = 12 ( 8- ). , , .
( , , ) : . , . , , 3- 4- , 00001010 00001,010= (1 + 0 2-1 + 1 2-2 + 0 2-3) = 1,25. = 2b. ( ) , b ( ) . ( ) .
b b = 2kb1, k ( k =2). m b = 2kb2 m, ( b2 > 0 b , ).
- ( ) . , , . . , , .
. . .
, : () (). = 1, p = 0.
, , . = f(xi, ..., xn), (xi, ..., xn) , () , . , ( (Xi, ..., n} . , (Xi, ..., Xn) .
. = 2 , . (=) (¹). . .
( ) >, <, >, £ , ³ . .
, , , . = f (Xi, . .., ), . = 1 , = 2 . .
, , . ( ) . . .
, . : (), () : (). /\ 0 /\ 0 = 0, 0 /\ 1=0, 1 /\ 0 = 0 , 1 /\ 1=1. V 0 V 0 = 0, 0 V 1 == 1, 1 V 0=1, 1 V 1 = 1. , ù : ù 0=1, ù 1=0. ù /\ V ( ). , ù a /\ b \/ c /\ù d :
((ù a) /\ b) V ( /\ ù a)).
, , , , . , .
(-) , . (, , ), n n . ( ) yi=fi(xi, 2, ... ..., xm) (i == 1, ..., n). , .
( ) ( ) ( , . .).
() , , ( ), . ,
( ) , . 1.
,
, . (, ), , . , . , , . 2,
u = x /\ y \/ ù z v = ù (x V y V z).
, , , . (, .). .
, , ( ). , - (), , = f(xi, ..., xn) ( ).
, , , ( = X1 2) () 32 , , , .
, , , . .
, . 60- (, , .), 80- , . , , (. . ) . .
, . , ,. . . , , . . - (, , .).
, . , . ( ) t1,t2, ... , . , ( ) D t = const, . , . , , .
, . , . ( ), . , , , ( ).
, . . () , () . 1, 2, ..., . .
, () , . ( ) () .
, = .
, , .
, , ( , 0, 1). , , , , . , . , (, ) , , - . .
, .
, - () (). , , , , , .
, (), , . , , , . .
|
|