1. I?aaeaea anaai aunieea oaiiu iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna i?eaaee
e iiyaeaieth i?eioeeieaeueii iiauo aeaeia ecaeaeee, ?aceiio oneiaeiaieth
eo eiino?oeoeee, nicaeaieth e oe?ieiio inaiaieth neiaeiuo oaoie/aneeo
nenoai. Oneiaeiythony oaoiieiae/aneea i?ioeannu, iiyaeythony iiaua
iaoiaeu e niiniau ia?a?aaioee enoiaeiuo iaoa?eaeia. Nicaeathony iiaua
?aiiaa ia ecaanoiua iaoa?eaeu.
2. Ia iaaeaeoia?iaeiii ?uiea iaino?eeanue eiieo?aioeey, eioi?ay, eae
ecaanoii, caaeneo io o?iaiy oeai e ea/anoaa i?aaeeaaaaiuo oiaa?ia. Ia
ia?aii ianoa ii yoie i?e/eia a eiieo?aioiie ai?ueaa auoei ea/anoai
i?iaeoeoeee. Iiaaaeaeaao oio, eoi i?aaeeaaaao i?iaeoeoeeth aunieiai
ea/anoaa ii oia?aiiui oeaiai. Ec yoiai i?aaeea iao eneeth/aiey, e n
yoei iaaei n/eoaoueny. *oiau oi?aiaaoue, eiaoue aaethoo e iieoiaoue ca
?oaaaeii oiaa?u, naith i?iaeoeoeeth ioaeii aeaeaoue eo/oa, /ai
eiieo?aiou.
I?iaeaia ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee yaeyaony a ianoiyuaa a?aiy iaeiie ec
iaeaieaa aaaeiuo e neiaeiuo i?iaeai yeiiiie/aneiai e oaoie/aneiai
?acaeoey.
Oi?aaeaiea ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoeee yaeyaony ninoaaiie /anoueth ethaiai
i?iecaiaenoaaiiiai i?ioeanna, a eaeeo au oi?iao e ianooaaao ii ia
inouanoaeyeny.
I?iaeaia ea/anoaa neiaeia e iiiaia?aiia e ?aoeoue a? iiaeii oieueei i?e
inouanoaeaiee eiiieaena ia?ii?eyoee, aeeth/athueo: iiauoaiea ?iee e
oneeaiea ioaaonoaaiiinoe ?ac?aaio/eeia ca iaania/aiea aunieiai
oaoie/aneiai o?iaiy e ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee; ia?ano?ieeo ia
iao/ii-i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo iniiaao oaoie/aneiai eiio?iey ia i?aaei?eyoeyo;
iiauoaiea oaoie/aneiai o?iaiy i?iecaiaenoaa; iiaeaioiaeo e
ia?aiiaeaioiaeo eaae?ia e ?acaeoea oai?/aneie eieoeeaoeau o?oaeyueony e
o. ae.
Iaoaieci oi?aaeaiey ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoeee caeeth/aaony a neaaeothuai. A
?acoeueoaoa eco/aiey oa?aeoa?a e iauaia iio?aaiinoe, oaoie/aneeo,
yeiiiie/aneeo e i?aaiecaoeeiiiuo aiciiaeiinoae eiie?aoiiai i?aaei?eyoey
onoaiaaeeaatho ieaiiaua caaeaiey ii ea/anoao i?iaeoeoeee. Ia yoie
iniiaa ia/eiaaony eiino?oeoi?neay e oaoiieiae/aneay iiaeaioiaea
i?iecaiaenoaa e ecaioiaeaiea i?iaeoeoeee a iaiaoiaeeiuo eiee/anoaao.
I?e ecaioiaeaiee iinoiyiii eee n ii?aaeaeaiiie ia?eiaee/iinoueth
n?aaieaaaony eioi?iaoeey i oaeoe/aneii ea/anoaa n ieaiiaui, ii?iaoeaiui
cia/aieai. I?e aicieeiiaaiee ?acieoeu iaaeaeo ieie au?aaaouaatho e
?aaeecotho ia?ii?eyoey ii ono?aiaieth i?e/ei, aucuaathueo yoe
ioeeiiaiey, o. a. aeeytho ia oaeoi?u e oneiaey, iaania/eaathuea ea/anoai
i?iaeoeoeee.
Aii?inu na?oeoeeaoeee i?iaeoeoeee i/aiue aeooaeueiu aeey caiaaeiuo oe?i.
*oi eanaaony ioa/anoaaiiuo i?aaei?eyoee, oi a na?oeoeeaoeee
caeioa?aniaaiu iiea oa ec ieo, eioi?ua oaea eniuouaatho aeaaeaiea
aiaoiaai ?uiea. Ia yoeo i?aaei?eyoeyo oaaaeeeenue, /oi aac
na?oeoeeaoeee i?iaeoeoeee eo eiioaeou n aiaoiei ?uieii aoaeoo
oauoi/iuie.
Iaycaoaeueiie na?oeoeeaoeee iiaeeaaeao oa aeaeu i?iaeoeoeee, e eioi?ui
i?aaeuyaeythony o?aaiaaiey ii aaciianiinoe aeey caei?iauey e aeecie
ethaeae e yeieiaee. Na?oeoeeaoeey i?iaeoeoeee aace?oaony ia
?acoeueoaoao a? eniuoaiee. Ie?iaay i?aeoeea naeaeaoaeuenoaoao i oii,
/oi iauaeoeaiay ioeaiea ea/anoaa iiaeao auoue aeinoeaiooa oieueei i?e a?
i?iaaaeaiee niaoeeaeueiui i?aaiii, iacaaeneiui io ?ac?aaio/eea e
ecaioiaeoaey i?iaeoeoeee. Iiyoiio a iaoae no?aia ia/aoi oi?ie?iaaiea
naoe iacaaeneiuo na?oeoeeaoeeiiiuo oeaio?ia, niioaaonoaothueo
iaaeaeoia?iaeiui o?aaiaaieyi.
Iaiaoiaeeiui yeaiaioii na?oeoeeaoeee yaeyaony aooanoaoeey
oaoiieiae/aneeo i?ioeannia, o/anoeia, oeaoia e i?iecaiaenoaa a oeaeii.
Iaycaoaeueiui o?aaiaaieai aeey i?eciaiey ?acoeueoaoia na?oeoeeaoeee e
caeeth/aiey eiio?aeoia ia caeoieo i?iaeoeoeee ca?oaaaeiuo oe?i,
iai?eia?, n/eoatho iaee/ea ia i?aaei?eyoee nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey ea/anoaii
i?iaeoeoeee. Ii yoie i?e/eia ai iiiaeo ?acaeouo no?aiao ie?a ia
aeaeatho n?aaenoa ia ?ac?aaioeo e aiaae?aiea noaiaea?oia,
onoaiaaeeaathueo o?aaiaaiey e nenoaiai oi?aaeaiey ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoeee
ia i?aaei?eyoeyo, a /anoiinoe, noaiaea?oia ENI na?ee 9000. Aiaae?aiea
yoeo noaiaea?oia e aa?aioey iio?aaeoaeth ii eo niaethaeaieth iiaoo
ioe?uoue oe?ieoth aei?iao iaoae i?iaeoeoeee ia aiaoiee ?uiie.
Aunieia ea/anoai i?iaeoeoeee aeieaeii auoue caeiaeaii a eaaeaeue i?iaeo
e eaaeaeue i?ioeann. Noaaeey enneaaeiaaiey e i?iaeoe?iaaiey eiaao
?aoathuaa cia/aiea, oae eae eiaiii a yoio iiiaio ii?aaeaeythony aeaaiua
naienoaa e ia?aiao?u aoaeouae i?iaeoeoeee. I?eiyoua eiino?oeoi?neea e
oaoiieiae/aneea ?aoaiey ii?aaeaeytho oa?aeoa? oaoiieiae/aneie
iiaeaioiaee i?iecaiaenoaa i?iaeoeoeee.
Nia?aiaiiua iaoaeeo?ae/aneea e iaoeiino?ieoaeueiua i?aaei?eyoey ia
iiaoo aeinoeaiooue o?aaoaiiai o?iaiy ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee, aunieeo
oaoieei-yeiiiie/aneeo iieacaoaeae e eo iiauoaiey aac /aoei
i?aaieciaaiiiai e iinoiyiii niaa?oainoaoaiiai eiio?iey ea/anoaa
i?iaeoeoeee. Aic?inoea o?aaiaaiey e iaoaeeii?iaeoeoeee ni no?iai
?aaeaiaioe?iaaiiui ninoaaii e caaeaiiuie oece/aneeie naienoaaie
aucuaatho iaiaoiaeeiinoue iiauoaiey oi/iinoe ii?aaeaeaiey e
?aaoee?iaaiey a? oeie/aneiai ninoaaa, niaea?aeaiey a?aaeiuo i?eianae e
iaiaoaeee/aneeo aeeth/aiee, ouaoaeueiiai eiio?iey oeie/aneeo e
oeceei-iaoaie/aneeo naienoa.
Aei neo ii? iniiaiie oeaeueth ooieoeeiie?iaaiey nenoaiu oi?aaeaiey
ea/anoaii a iaoae no?aia auei, eae i?aaeei, auiieiaiea caaeaiey ii
oaaee/aieth auionea i?iaeoeoeee n ainoaea?noaaiiui Ciaeii ea/anoaa. A
oneiaeyo naiaiaeiiai ?uiea oeaeue niaa?oaiii ae?oaay: ioaeii, iai?eia?,
ca?aaioaoue ii?aaeaeaiioth noiio a aaethoa. Aeey a? aeinoeaeaiey
i?iaiaeyony ia?eaoeiaiaua enneaaeiaaiey, a ?acoeueoaoa eioi?uo
onoaiaaeeaaaony, /oi ia oaeii-oi ?uiea iiaeii i?iaeaoue oaeoth-oi
i?iaeoeoeeth ii oaeie-oi oeaia. Ii aeey yoiai iia aeieaeia iaeaaeaoue
oaeeie-oi naienoaaie e iinooieoue ia ?uiie ia iicaeiaa oaeiai-oi n?iea.
Neaaeiaaoaeueii, enoiaey ec iinoaaeaiiie yeiiiie/aneie oeaee,
oi?ioee?oaony oeaeue i?aaei?eyoey a iaeanoe ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee. Aeey
aeinoeaeaiey iineaaeiae e no?ieony niioaaonoaothuay nenoaia ea/anoaa,
niiniaiay iaania/eoue e ii?aaeaeaiiiio n?ieo nicaeaiea ioaeiie
i?iaeoeoeee e ioeaaeeo a? noaaeeueiiai i?iecaiaenoaa.
Ii anaiauaio i?eciaieth, 90-a aiaeu - ?aoathuaa aeanyoeeaoea a iaeanoe
iaania/aiey ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee. Iiyoiio nae/an ie o eiai ia aucuaaao
niiiaiey oio oaeo, /oi ec iiiaeo ?aeiiaiaeoaiuo n?aaenoa aeinoeaeaiey
ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee ia?aui neaaeoao n/eoaoue iiaeaioiaeo eaae?ia. Iooe
iaania/aiey ea/anoaa ioaeii eneaoue a nioeeaeueiie ineoieiaee ?aai/eo
a?oii e i?iecaiaenoaaiiuo eieeaeoeaia. Ieeaeea aicaeaenoaey ecaia -
oioaeueiue eiio?ieue, oaeanoi/aiea iaeacaiee ca a?ae e o. i. ia niiniaiu
iaania/eoue aunieia ea/anoai. Auaiae iaeiicia/ai: noaaeo iaaei aeaeaoue
ia naieo i?iecaiaeeoaeae i?iaeoeoeee. Caeanue oianoii i?eaanoe
?caiiaaaeue? iaeiiai aia?eeaineiai aecianiaia, eioi?ue n/eoaao, /oi aeey
oniaoa i?aaei?eyoey ioaeii i?eaea?aeeaaoueny i?eioeeia o?ao ?p?:
?peopl-product-profit? (/aeiaae-i?iaeoeoeey-i?eaueue). Ia ia?aii ianoa,
eae aeaeeoa, /aeiaae, ?aaioiee, a neaaeiaaoaeueii, aai eaaeeoeeaoeey e
iieiaeeoaeueiua ee/iinoiua ea/anoaa: iaueoaeueiinoue, eieoeeaoeaiinoue,
/oanoai ioaaonoaaiiinoe, no?aieaiea e nio?oaeie/anoao e aeoo
niia?ie/anoaa.
Iaeiaei an? noiaeeoueny a iaeiii - ea/anoai i?iaeoeoeee eiaao
aaaeiaeoaa cia/aiea aeey onei?aiey yeiiiie/aneiai, nioeeaeueiiai e
iao/ii-oaoie/aneiai i?ia?anna e aai iaaei iinoiyiii oeo/oaoue.
I?iaeoeoeey ii naiaio ea/anoao aeieaeia niioaaonoaiaaoue o?aaiaaieyi
iio?aaeoaey, eioi?ua iinoiyiii eciaiythony. Neaaeiaaoaeueii, iaeuecy
inoaiiaeoueny ia aeinoeaiooii o?iaia ea/anoaa. Iaiaoiaeeii iai?a?uaii
niaa?oainoaiaaoue iaoiaeu e n?aaenoaa ecaioiaeaiey i?iaeoeoeee.
Aeey i?aaei?eyoee e i?aaiecaoeee, caeioa?aniaaiiuo a ?acaeoee
aiaoiayeiiiie/aneeo naycae n ca?oaaaeiuie ia?oia?aie, i/aiue aaaeiui
aniaeoii aeayoaeueiinoe yaeyaony iieo/aiea iaeneiaeueii iieiie
eioi?iaoeee i nenoaiao na?oeoeeaoeee i?iaeoeoeee, aeaenoaothueo a
ca?oaaaeiuo no?aiao, a oaeaea i caeiiiaeaoaeuenoaao yoeo no?ai,
onoaiaaeeaathueo iaycaoaeueiua o?aaiaaiey e i?iaeoeoeee, e i
ii?iaoeaii-oaoie/aneie aeieoiaioaoeee, ia niioaaonoaea eioi?ie
i?iaiaeyony na?oeoeeaoeeiiiua eniuoaiey ca ?oaaaeii. Neaaeiaaoaeueii,
iaiaoiaeeii aeaoue i?eaioe?u aeey iienea eioi?iaoeee i aeayoaeueiinoe
iaeioi?uo iaaei?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuo i?aaiecaoeee, caieiathueony aii?inaie
na?oeoeeaoeee i?iaeoeoeee e ?ac?aaaouaathueo iaaeaeoia?iaeiua
ii?iaoeaii-oaoie/aneea aeieoiaiou (iaaeaeoia?iaeiua noaiaea?ou).
Iaeiie ec oaeeo i?aaiecaoeee yaeyaony AAIA?AEUeIIA NIAEAOAIEA II
OA?EOAI E OI?AIAEA (AAOO), caieiathuayny iaueie aii?inaie ?aaoee?iaaiey
iaaeaeoia?iaeiie oi?aiaee. A ninoaa AAOO aoiaeyo nauoa 100 ainoaea?noa.
Iniiaiui aniaeoii aa aeayoaeueiinoe noaee ?ac?aaioea e ooaa?aeaeaiea
?yaea iaaei?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuo niaeaoaiee iaycuaathuaai oa?aeoa?a aeey
aoiaeyueo a iaa no?ai.
Iiieii iaaei?aaeoaeuenoaaiiuo niaeaoaiee iaycuaathuaai oa?aeoa?a, AAOO
ecaeaao oaeaea ae?oaea iaoa?eaeu, eiathuea iaiin?aaenoaaiiia ioiioaiea e
na?oeoeeaoeee i?iaeoeoeee. N?aaee ieo - iaoa?eaeu e aeieoiaiou
(?aoaiey, ?aciethoeee, i?ioieieu) ?oeiaiaeyuaai Eiieoaoa ii oaoie/aneei
aa?uea?ai a oi?aiaea (Eiieoao AAOO/OAO), a oaeaea eioi?iaoeeiiiua e
ni?aai/iua iaoa?eaeu.
Ae?oaie iaaei?aaeoaeuenoaaiiie i?aaiecaoeeae, a aeayoaeueiinoe eioi?ie
?inney i?eieiaao aeoeaiia o/anoea, yaeyaony IAAEAeOIA?IAeIAss
I?AAIECAOeEss CAEIIIAeAOAEUeIIE IAO?IEIAEE (IICI). IICI ?ac?aaioaea e
i?eiyea Nenoaio auaea/e na?oeoeeaoia aeey iao?ieiae/aneiai iai?oaeiaaiey
e i?eai?ia, eiathueo iaycaoaeueioth neeo aeey aoiaeyueo a ninoaa
i?aaiecaoeee no?ai.
Ia ?aaeiiaeueiii o?iaia aii?inaie i?aaiecaoeee nio?oaeie/anoaa iaaeaeo
no?aiaie a iaeanoe na?oeoeeaoeee e acaeiiiai i?eciaiey ?acoeueoaoia
eniuoaiee i?iaeoeoeee caieiathony ?aaeiiaeueiua iaaei?aaeoaeuenoaaiiua
i?aaiecaoeee, a oii /enea ?aaeiiaeueiua yeiiiie/aneea eiiennee III.
N?aaee ieo iaiaoiaeeii a ia?aoth i/a?aaeue ioiaoeoue AA?IIAENEOTH
YEIIIIE*ANEOTH EIIENNETH III (AYE III), aaaeiui ?acoeueoaoii
aeayoaeueiinoe eioi?ie yaeeinue Niaeaoaiea i acaeiiii i?eciaiee
?acoeueoaoia eniuoaiee a aeaiiie iaeanoe, i?iaaaeaiiuo iaoeeiiaeueiuie
eniuoaoaeueiuie oeaio?aie no?ai Aa?iiu.
A oeaeii iiaeii naeaeaoue auaiae i auno?ii ?inoa /enea niaeaoaiee i
acaeiiii i?eciaiee, niaa?oaiiuo a oeaeyo eeeaeaeaoeee oaoie/aneeo
aa?uea?ia a oi?aiaea, niaa?oainoaiaaiea oi?i e iaoiaeia nio?oaeie/anoaa.
Eeoa?aoo?a:
1. ?Iniiau oi?aaeaiey ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoeee? O. I. Iieoianeay, TH. A.
Ea?iia, A. I. Nieiaueaa. ?acaeae 1. Ea/anoai e oi?aaeaiea ea/anoaii
i?iaeoeoeee. Iineaa 1990
2. ?Iniiau oi?aaeaiey ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoeee? O. I. Iieoianeay, TH. A.
Ea?iia, A. I. Nieiaueaa. ?acaeae 2 Eiio?ieue ea/anoaa i?iaeoeoeee.
Iineaa 1990
3. ?Iniiau oi?aaeaiey ea/anoaii i?iaeoeoeee? O. I. Iieoianeay, TH. A.
Ea?iia, A. I. Nieiaueaa. ?acaeae 3. Na?oeoeeaoeey i?iaeoeoeee. Iineaa
1992
