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Локальные вычислительные сети на базе IBM PC AT совместимых ПЭВМ



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130
80 % -

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Open Systems Interconnection (OSI).

OSI (Open System

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(. ISO International
Standards Organization).

ISO
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(. ISO)
OSI (. Open Systems
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(. Media Access Control ) LLC (.
Logical Link Control ). MAC
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MAC
. LLC
(.
Service Access Points ),
LLC
OSI.

3. (. network).

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CONS, IP IPX.

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OSI, TCP SPX.

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thernet-.

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50 . Ethernet (. thick)
(. yellow cable). 15
.
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10 /.
500 ., Ethernet 3000 .
Ethernet-, ,
.

heapernt.

, Ethernet Cheapernet-
(RG58) , , (. thin) Ethernet.
50- 10
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. Cheapernet
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(Ж50). .
(Tconnectors).

300 , 0,5 ,
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100 /, 200
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Token Ring

IBM.
(. UPT
SPT) . 4 /
16/.
(. ken Ring).
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I ken Ring :

/ (. Data/mmand Frame);

(. Token);

(. Abort).

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ArcNet.

ArcNet (. Attached Resource Computer Network) , ,
.
Datapoint 1977 . ArcNet
SMC (. Standard Microsystems Corporation),

ArcNet. ,
(RG62) 93
. 2,5 /,
ArcNetplus
20 /. ArcNet
.
(. Token Bus).
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ArcNet ISU
(. Information Symbol Unit ),
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(. Alert Burst),
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ArcNet 5 :

ITT (. Information to Transmit) .
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FBE (. Free Buffer Enquiries)
. .

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(. ACKnowledgments) .

, .. FBE .

NAK (.Negative AcKnowledgments) .
( FBE)
.

ArcNet : .

Ethernet

Ethernet
Xerox Corporation.
Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) Intel Corporation. 1982
Ethernet 2.0. Ethernet
IEEE IEEE 802.3.
.

.

Ethernet :

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(
);

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Ethernet Token Ring ArcNet




RG58 RG62
RG59

50

50 , 2 100 200 UTP, 150 TP
RG59: 75

RG62: 93

185 45 200 (
) ,
:

WW: 120

AA: 606

PW PA: 30

AA: 0,3

0,5 2,5


5 33 MAU


30
: 72 ,
260




.


(. Network Operation System NOS)
, .


: OS/2, Windows NT Windows 95.
(OLE, ActiveX, ODBC
..) .
NOS

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directory/name service).

NOS
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(. Bindery).
NetWare 28 NetWare 3.XX.
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(. Domain).
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bindery),
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Directory Name Services DNS) . :
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NetWare 3.XX 4.XX (Novell Inc.), Windows N Server
3.51 4.00 (Microsoft Corp.) LAN Server (I r.).


,
.

NetWare 3.XX, Novell Inc.

:

NOS;

;

.

.

: 386 .

: 9 .

( ) : 4 4 .

( ) : 640 .

: Novell Inc.

: IPX/S.

: .

: 250.

: 4 .

: .

UPS: .

TTS: .

: bindery .

: ,
, SFT II,SFT III, ,
bindery .

: .

(Block suballocations): .

: DOS, Windows 3.XX, (.), S/2 (.),
UNIX (.), Windows NT, Windows 95.

NetWare 4.XX, Novell Inc.

:

(.
NetWare Directory Services NDS)
1000. NDS
, .
;

;


Pentium, , PCI,
PC Card ( PCMCIA).

(pool),
, -
, (
NetWare 3.XX), .

,
.

(. Data Storage
Management) ,
:

(. Block
Suballocation). 64 ,
65 , 2
64 . 6
. NetWare 4.XX
64 512
. 512 ,
.

(. File Compression).
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.

(. Data Migration).
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(.
PacketBurst Migration).
.
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512 , :
20%. NetWare 4.XX LIP
(. Large Internet Packet)
, 512
.

.

. :
,
.

DOS, Windows OS/2-.

.

: 386 .

: 12 60 .

: 8 - 4.

: 640 .

: Novell Inc.

: IPX/SPX.

: .

: 1000.

: 4 .

: -2.

UPS: .

TTS: .

: NDS.

: ,
, SFT II,SFT III, ,
NDS.

: .

(. Block Suballocation): .

: DOS, Windows, v5.XX, S/2, UNIX (.),
Windows NT, Windows 95.

LAN Server, I r.

:


;


( SNA).

.
OS/2, (. nondedicated).
,
.

LAN Server: Entry Advanced. Advanced
Entry (.
High Performance File System HPFS).
(. Fail Tolerances) (. Local
Security).

.
.
.
. OS/2
,
.
, OS/2. LAN
Server DOS, OS/2
Windows (. Remote Interface Procedure Load RIPL).

:

NOS;

.

.

: 386 .

: 4.6 (.
requestor)/7.2 .

: 1.3 16 .

: 4.2 OS/2, 640 DOS.

: OS/2 2.XX. .

: NetBIOS, /I.

: .

: 1016.

: 2 .

: .

UPS: .

TTS: .

: .

: ,
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.

: .

(Block suballocation): .

: DOS, Windows 3.XX, (.), OS/2, UNIX,
Windows NT (.), Windows 95.

VINES 5.52, Banyan System Inc.

:

;

StreetTalk
, ,
.

NetWare 3.XX VINES
,
(. enterprise network). UNIX.


StreetTalk, NetWare Directory Services.
, . StreetTalk
, .

.29 DOS
.25 ISDN.

VINES .

VINES.

.

: 386 .

: 80 .

: 8 256 .

: 640 .

: UNIX.

: VINES IP, AFP, NetBIOS, /IP, IPX/SPX.

: SMP (. Symmetric MultiProcessing).

: .

; 2 .

: .

UPS: .

TTS: .

: StreetTalk.

: StreetTalk
.

: .

(Block suballocation): .

: DOS, Windows, (.), S/2, UNIX (.),
Windows NT (.).

Windows NT Server 4.0, Microsoft Corp.

:

;


- ;

RISC;

;

Macintosh.

,
.

Windows NT 4.0 Windows 95,
1 2 .
, Windows NT

RISC, PowerPC, DEC Alpha AXP
MIPS, ,
.
FAT (. File Allocation Table
, DOS), NTFS (. NT File System
NT, Windows NT), CDFS
( CDROM), Macintosh HPFS (. High
Performance File System ,
OS/2; Windows NT 4.0
HPFS ).

(
, ).
(,
) Remote Access Service (. RAS),
.

Windows NT
NetWare.

.

: 386 , MIPS, R4000, DEC Alpha .

: 90 .

: 16 .

; 12 Windows NT Workstation
4.00/512 DOS.

: Windows NT.

: NetBEUI, /I, I/S Microsoft NWLink, llk,
syncBEUI.

: .

: .

: .

: -2.

UPS: .

TTS: .

: .

: ,
, RAID 5, ,
,
/, 32 ,
(NTFS).

: NTFS,
RAS.

(. Block suballocation): NTFS.

: DOS, Windows 3.XX, , S/2, UNIX, Windows
NT, Windows 95.

.


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Novell NetWare 4.XX
Windows 3.11 for Workgroups,
DOS.

2. .
,

6-

. Novell NetWare 4.XX

.
Windows NT Server 4.00, Microsoft SQL Server
7.00 .

.

,



-
( , )
.

.

Novell
Novell NetWare 4.XX
,
,
(IPX/SPX, TCP/IP NetBEUI)

Ethernet.

.

:

6
FXOHBMUK4GKW5756302;

F/O Patch Cable;

F/O Patch Panel;

RG58;

10BaseT Level 5;

TP Patch Panel;

Tconnector;

.



. RG58
,


. 10BaseT Level 5
,
.


:

CMMR1440 Multi-Media Repeater;

10BaseT UTPC1220 Concentrator 10BaseT
UTPC6100 Concentrator.

-

3 (), 2
IBM PC AT Pentium/150MHz/32M/4G, 3- Pentium
II/200MHz/MMX/96M/8G, Novell
NetWare 4.1 Windows NT Server 4.00 . ,
,
,

.

60 ,
, 40

.


:

NE2000;

NE3200;

SMC8634;

SMC8834;

IEEE 802.2, IEEE 802.3 CSMA/CD.

IPX/SPX NetWare, TCP/IP
NetBEUI Windows NT.

NetWare Windows NT
Server
IPX/SPX,
Windows NT Server.

NetWare 4.XX ,
,
Artisoft LANtastic 6.0 , Windows 3.11
for Workgroups Windows 95
.
LANtastic 6.0 ,Windows 3.11 for
Workgroups Windows 95 NetWare Windows
NT,
.

, ,
,

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OSI
.

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,
(. RAS), ()
Internet,
..
.
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.

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,
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(, , , ..).
,
, Internet,
.
, , ,
,
.

.

. Windows NT Server 4.0. .: , 1997.

.. NetWare 3.12 4.1. / .
.: , 1996.

. , , , . Windows
NT 4.0. BHV, 1997.

. Windows NT Server: . .:
, 1996.

. /. . .:
Channel Trading Ltd., 1997.

. NetWare 3.12 4.1 . : , 1996.

. . .: , 1996.

. Windows NT 4.00: . BHV,
1997.

. 7 Windows NT.
, 1995.

. : TCP/IP.
BHV, 1997.

. Windows NT NTFS./. . .:
Channel Trading Ltd., 1996.

.., .. Novell.
NetWare. .: , 1995.

WW , AA
, PW
, PA
.

.. IBM PC AT
.



































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