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Концепция брэндинга

" " " ""..." - , , - , Mercedes - , . , , " " , , "... "". , Mercedes , , , , . , , . , (brand) - , , . Mercedes "" - . - , , . ( , , ). , , , , . (branding). , , -, , . - , .

, - . , - , , . , : , , , , ( , brand-image), - , - , .

, , , . , . 1300 .

, . , , , , . , , " ", , "" . 1266 , , .

(, ), , .

, - . . -, , , , , . , . , , , .

, - . , , , . " ", - , , : ", ", "", " ", " " ..

, - . Procter & Gamble (P&G). , . , - , - . - , . . , , . , , . , , Colgate-Palmolive . Nestle. - , .

, - , , . , , .

, , . "", -. - .

- , . , , , - . 30 50 . , 50 - 75 . , 100 [L1].

- . (Brand Positioning) - , , ; , "" . , (Brand Positioning Statement) - , . , . : " , ... ..."[L2]. , . - , - " ", " ", " ", " " . . , , .

, . , , , " " " ", , .

, , - , ( , ).

, , .

:

- .

- () .

- , , - .

- [L3].

, - , , , , , . , - , . , ( , ). - , , " " . , , .

, . - .

, . , -, , -, , , -, .

, , - . " ". - , - , . , , , . , . ( "M&M's" - " , "). : , ( - , , , , , , ). , - , -.

, , - (, , ), -, - , , . , , . , , - , , , , .

, , . , - , , , .

, . Brand Institute Inc., , , ( ) , . web- (chat), . , (, 80% ) - , . .

, , 2-3 , . , . , . , - .

, - , , . - , - , ; - , - , .

- , .

, (linguistic screening) - (, ). , - , , , , , . , , Fiat Regatta "", Fiat Uno "", Lada Nova ", ". , , - , Mazzoli, ( "").

, , 14 . , . [L4] , , , , . - . 95% , , , Z, V, F, S "", B, P, D, T. P, K , B G. , , , .

- , .

, Alpha Romeo Schighera - "". -, -, . " - , , [L5]".

, ( ), , , . , , , , , . - , "web" "net", , , , , . , , , - , . , 100 200 -. . . 25-50 , - 3 - 5 .

, , . , . . , , , .

- .

. , , , : , , . , .

: Lowenbrau 1383. , , , , . Thomas J. Lipton 1889 . Lipton - , . , Coca-Cola, 1886 . , , "" , " " .

, , , , , . , , - . - , - Marks & Spencer, Sainsbury, Carrefour ( - Littlewoods)

, , - Mitsubishi, Yamaha, ABB, Siemens, GE, Philips. : Vichy, Pond's, Nivea, L'Oreal . .

. . - , "" . - , , , , .

, "" " " , . , , . , , , , - , . , , , . , , . , , , . - . , , . , , . , , , .

. - Intel, Hewlett-Packard, Sun, Cisco, Novell Microsoft , , . - : , ; , , . , , .

(Brand Management) - , , , , , [L6].

, " ".

, " " - , , , : IBM - , - Coca Cola, "" - .

- , . . ( ), , , . , , . - ( ) [L7]. , , , . , , . (Brand Expansion[L8]). , - Mars, L'Oreal, Palmolive Camel.

(Brand Extension) - , . , , " ". - - " ", " ". - " ". " , - , , [L9]".

, , . : ; , , ; , - , .

, , , .

, (, , ), "" . - , , . , , , . , , .

, , - . , . - . , , . (, ), . , , , , .

-

, "" - . , Marlboro, Budweiser Pampers , , , . , "" , . " value priced" ( - "prisewert") - " /". , , , - . , , , .

, . low-end , .

, - . , . , , . , .

, , .

Procter & Gamble, , , " ". , Procter & Gamble, , . , .

Marlboro, , . , , , ( ) , . , Procter & Gamble, , . , Marlboro , , . low-end - - , . -, , . - "", . - "" , .

- . . IBM, Compaq Dell -, low-end, . , Compaq Praline, IBM ValuePoint Dell Dimension. . , - - , , brand-name . - , .

, - , , : , .

- . value ( , , , - ""), IBM ValuePoint , low-end. , Professional () Thrifty () . . , Fender $1,500 $3,000, "Starter"() $199. , , .

- , (, low-end) . , , , . , , .

BMW 300 ( ), 500 700 . , - " ". - . , Mercedes . Mercedes 190, $30,000 - " ". Mercedes , - 190 Mercedes .

- - . , , .

, , . , Kodak IBM ValuePoint, , , . , . .

, "" , . , , . : "" - (, "Professional"), ("Stater"), . , - "" [L10].

, - , . , , "" . , .

(Brand Value) - , , . , [L11].

, , , . - - -, , -, . , . , - , .

(Brand Power) - . ( , /, ) - , .

"" (Brand Relevance) . , .

, (Brand Leverage) - , , . , , , " ".

(Brand Loyalty) - , . - : .

- (Brand Awareness). , . - . : (unaided awareness) - (aided or prompted awarenes) - .

[1] Computerworld, 10 1998

[2] Brand Institute Inc., . http://www.brandinst.com)

[3] , " ", - "" ISBN 5-88731-006-5.

[4] Lexicon Branding Inc.,http://www.lexicon-branding.com.

[5]" " 12 1997 " "

[6] The Brand Consultancy http://www.brandconsult.com)

[7]" " ,, . , 1995

[8] Brandconsult Inc. http://www.brandconsult.com.

[9]" ", , 3 1998 35(418).

[10]David A Aacker "Building Strong Brands" New York, The Free Press, 1996 ISBN 0-02-900151-X.

[11]David A Aacker "Building Strong Brands" New York, The Free Press, 1996 ISBN 0-02-900151-X.

12. . .


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